Trace Metals in Tilapia zilli and Clarias batrachus Fishes Associated with Water and Soil Sediment from River Rukubi in Doma, Nasarawa State, Nigeria

Yahaya Yakubu Ishaleku Yahaya Yakubu Ishaleku; Matthew Olaleke Aremu; Jude Onwuka; Muhammad Auwal Muhammad

doi:10.62050/ljsir2025.v3n2.431

Trace Metals in Tilapia zilli and Clarias batrachus Fishes Associated with Water and Soil Sediment from River Rukubi in Doma, Nasarawa State, Nigeria

المؤلفون

Yahaya Yakubu Ishaleku Yahaya Yakubu Ishaleku
yahahaishaleku@gmail.com

Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Lafia, PMB 146, Nasarawa State, Nigeria
https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9740-6240
Matthew Olaleke Aremu
Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Lafia, PMB 146, Nasarawa State, Nigeria
Jude Onwuka
Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Federal University of Lafia, PMB 146, Nasarawa State, Nigeria
Muhammad Auwal Muhammad
Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Lafia, PMB 146, Nasarawa State, Nigeria

الكلمات المفتاحية:

Array، Array، Array، Array، Array

الملخص

This study was conducted to investigate the pollution level of heavy metals such as Pb, Cr, Ni, Mn, Zn and Fe in the water, sediment and body organs (head, intestine & tile) of Tilapia zilli and Clarias batrachus from River Rukubi Doma, Nasarawa State. This was carried out using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. Magnesium was the most highly concentrated in the various matrices. Metal levels in the various body organs of the two fishes studied were found to be highly concentrated in the head. Comparison of metal levels in the body parts of the two fishes, sediment and water showed that Cu (85.9%) had the widest variability while Mg (13.1%) was the least. Also comparison of metal levels in the body parts of the Tilapia zilli and Clarias batrachus showed that Mg has the highest mean metal concentration in Clarias batrachus (655.85 µgg^-1) than in Tilapia zilli (608.40 µgg^-1). Iron showed the highest mean metal concentration in Tilapia zilli (166.51 µgg^-1) than in Clarias batrachus (57.20 µgg^-1). The heavy metals determined were mostly within the ranged of acceptable limit with exception of Pb, Cr and Mn. In view of this study it is recommended that biological monitoring of fishes meant for consumption from this water body be carried out regularly to ensure human safety. This study contributes to understanding the evaluation of metals level in fishes and their importance in food balanced approach for essential benefits.

Dimensions

REFERENCES

Ahmad A.K, Mushrifah I, and Othman M.S. (2015). Water quality and heavy metal concentrations in sediment of Sungai Kelantan, Kelantan Malaysia: A baseline study. Sains Malaysiana. 38(4):435–442.

Ahmad AK, and Shuhaimi-Othman M. (2017).Heavy metal concentrations in sediments and fishes from Lake Chini, Pahang, Malaysia. Journal of Biological Sciences. 10(2):93–100. https://doi.org/10.3923/jbs.2010.93.100

Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) (2017).Heavy Metal Regulations – Faolex.Legal Notice no. 66/2003. 2003. http://faolex.fao.org/docs/pdf/eri42405.pdf (accessed on 21 April 2019)

Allen-Gil SM, Martynov VG. (1995). Heavy metal burdens in nine species of freshwater and anadromous fish from the Pechora River, northern Russia. Sci Total Environ. 160:653–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/0048-9697(95)93634-t

Ambak MA, Isa MM, Zakaria MZ, and Ghaffar MA. (2018). Fishes of Malaysia. Kuala Terengganu: Universiti Malaysia Terengganu (UMT)

Li, M. Yang, W. Sun, T. Jin, Y.W. (2016). Potential ecological risk of heavy metal contamination in sediments and macrobenthos in coastal wetlands induced by freshwater releases: a case study in the Yellow River Delta, China Mar. Pollut. Bull., 103 pp. 227-239. https://doi.org/1016/j.marpolbul.2015.12.014

Zhang, J., Zhu, L., Li, F., Liu C., Qiu, Z., Xiao, M. and Cai, Y. (2018). Comparison of toxic metal distribution characteristics and health risk between cultured and wild fish captured from Honghu City, China. Int. J. Environ. Resour. Public Health, 15: 334. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15020334

Ambak, M. A, Mohd, R and Zaidi, Z. (2019).Freshwater fish diversity in Sungai Kelantan. Journal of Sustainability Science and Management. 5(1):13–20.

Ashraf, M. A, Maah, M J, Yusoff, I, Wajid, A. and Mahmood, K. S. (2018). Mining effects, causes, and concerns: A case study from Bestari Jaya, Selangor, Peninsular Malaysia. Scientific Research and Essays. 6(6):1216–1231.

Wani, Ab Latif, Ara Anjum, and Usmani Jawed Ahmad (2015). Lead toxicity: a review Interdiscip Toxicol. Vol. 8(2): 55–64. https://doi.org/10.1515/intox-2015-0009.

Birungi Z, Masola B, Zaranyika MF, Naigaga I, and Marshall B. (2017).Active biomonitoring of trace heavy metals using fish (Oreochromisniloticus) as bioindicator species.The case of Nakivubo wetland along Lake Victoria.Physics and Chemistry of the Earth Parts A/B/C.32(15–18):1350–1358. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pce.2007.07.034

Oumar, D. A., Flibert, G., Tidjani, A., Rirabe, N., Patcha, M., Bakary T., Ousman A.H., Yves, T. and Savadogo, A.S. (2018). Bioaccumulation in water and Tilapia nilotica fish from Maguite Island of Fitri Lake. Curr. J. Appl. Sci. Technol., 26(2): 1-9. https://doi.org/10.9734/CJAST/2018/39384

Doma Local Government Area (2023). Doma LGA Information Unit.

Adeniyi, J.O. (1996). Equatorial F1 characteristics and the international reference ionosphere model. Radio Science 31: https://doi.org/10.1029/95RS01761. issn: 0048-6604.

Holma, K. A., Maalekuu, B K (2013). Effect of traditional fish processing methods on the proximate composition of red fish stored under ambient room conditions. American Journal of Food and Nutrition, 3(3):73-82. https://doi.org/10.5251/ajfn.2013.3.2.73.82

Olaosebikan, B.D. and Raji, A. (1998). Field Guide to Nigerian Fresh Water Fishes https://doi.org/978-34-7600-9.

Abdul-Rida, M. M. A. (1996). Concentration and growth of earthworms and plants in polluted (CD, Cu, Fe, Pb and Zn) and non- polluted soils: Interaction between soil- earthworms. Soil Biol. Biochem, 28, 1029 – 1035. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-319-14526-615

Kotze, P. D., Preez, H H. and Van-Vuren, J. H.J. (2006). Bioaccumulation of copper and Zinc in Oreochromismossambicusand Clariasgariepinus, from the Olifants River, Mpumalanga, South Africa. Dept. of Zoology, Rand Afrikans University press ISSN0378-4738. Water SA Vol. 25 No. 1, South Africa.

APHA. 1995. 3112B, Cold-Vapour Atomic Spectrometric Method. Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Waste-Water Twentieth edition, APHA, AWWA.WEF, Washington DC.

Aremu M. O., Atolaiye B. O., Shagye D. and Moumouni A. (2007). Determination of Trace Metals in Tilapia zilli and Clarias lazera Fishes Associated with Water and Soil Sediment from River Nasasrawa in Nasarawa State, Nigeria. Ind. J. Multi. Res. 3(1): 159 – 168.

Maurya, P.K. and Malik, D.S. 2018. Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in tissues of selected fish species from Ganga River, India, and risk assessment for human health. Int. J. Hum. Ecol. Risk Assess.7: 47-56. https://doi.org/10.1080/10807039.2018.1456897

Hashim, R., Song, T. H., Muslim N. Z. and Yen, T. P. 2014. Determination of heavy metal levels in fishes from the lower reach of the Kelantan River, Kelantan, Malaysia. Trop. Life Sci. Res., 25(2): 21-39.

Adebayo, I.A. (2017). Determination of heavy metals in water, fish, and sediment from Ureje water reservoir. J. Environ. Analy. Toxicol. 7:486. https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-0525.1000486.

Canli, M., Atli, G. (2003).The relationships between heavy metal (Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Pb, Zn) levels and the size of six Mediterranean fish species. Environmental Pollution, 121, 129-136 https://doi.org/10.1016/s0269-7491(02)00194-x

Mendil, D. and Uluozlu, D. O. (2007). Determination of trace metal levels in sediment and five fish species from lakes in Tokat, Turkey. Food Chemistry, 101, 739-745. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2006.01.050

Akpanyung, E.O., Ekanemesang, U.M., Akpakpan, E. I and Anadoze, N.O. (2014). The levels of heavy metals in fish obtained from two fishing sites in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. Afr. J. Environ. Sci. Technol., 9(4): 365-370. https://doi.org/0.5697/AJEST2014.1730

FAO/WHO. (2015). Codex Alimentarius Commission. Codex General Standard for Contaminants and Toxins in Food and Feed, CODEX STAN 193, 1995; FAO, Geneva, Switzerland.

WHO (1995).Lead Environmental Health Criteria. WHO,Geneva.

Murtala, B.A., Abdul, W.O. and Akinyemi, A.A. 2012. Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in fish (Hydrocynusforskahlii, Hyperopisusbebeoccidentalis, and Clariasgariepinus) organs in downstream Ogun coastal water, Nigeria. J. Agric. Sci., 4: 51 https://doi.org/10.5539/jas.v4n11p51

Mensoor, M. and Said, A. (2018). Determination of heavy metals in freshwater fishes of the Tigris River in Baghdad. Fishes, 3(2): 23 https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes3020023

Bawuro, A.A., Voegborlo, R.B. and Adimado, A. A. (2018). Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in some tissues of fish in Lake Geriyo, Adamawa State, Nigeria. J. Environ. Public Health, 4: 26-39. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/1854892

Read/Download PDF (الإنجليزية)

منشور

2025-05-27

كيفية الاقتباس

Trace Metals in Tilapia zilli and Clarias batrachus Fishes Associated with Water and Soil Sediment from River Rukubi in Doma, Nasarawa State, Nigeria. (2025). Lafia Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research, 3(2), 41-47. https://doi.org/10.62050/ljsir2025.v3n2.431