Comparative Evaluation of the Proximate, Phytochemical and Antioxidant Properties of Selected Leafy Vegetables (Bitter, Pumpkin and Spinach Leaves)

Mohammed Jibrin; Ruth Musa Micah; Folashade Habibat Omotehinwa

doi:10.62050/ljsir2024.v2n1.293

Authors

Mohammed Jibrin Department of Chemistry, Nasarawa State University, Keffi, Nasarawa state, Nigeria Author
Ruth Musa Micah Department of Chemistry, Nasarawa State University, Keffi, Nasarawa state, Nigeria Author
Folashade Habibat Omotehinwa Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Health Sciences, Otukpo, Benue state, Nigeria Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.62050/ljsir2024.v2n1.293

Keywords:

Proximate, Phytochemicals, Antioxidant, Leafy vegetables

Abstract

The study is aimed at comparative evaluation of the proximate, phytochemicals and antioxidant properties of three leafy vegetables (V. amygdalina, Spinacia oleracea and Telfairia occidentalis).The study was carried out using standard analytical procedures. The proximate analysis revealed highest percent moisture (5.08±0.13%), crude protein (19.69±0.87%), carbohydrate (38.31± 1.42%) and metabolizable energy (244.24±3.82 KJ/100 g) in pumpkin, highest percent ash (15.20± 0.86 %), %) and crude fat contents (8.30±0.18 %) in spinach, while bitter leaf recorded the highest percent crude fibre (20.01 ± 1.20%). The phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of flavonoid, saponin, alkaloid, tannin and phenol which ranged from 8.67±0.11 mg/100 g to 18.98± 0.15mg/100 g, 0.9±0.00 mg/100 g to 1.21± 0.10 mg/100 g, 8.87±0.21 mg/100 g to 11.65±0.68 mg/100 g, 0.81 ± 0.01to 10.32± 1.2 mg/100 g and 1.36 ±0.01 mg to 4.24±0.01 mg/ 100 g respectively. The antioxidant activities revealed highest percent inhibition (71.20%) in bitter leaf. However, based on the analysis of variance on the results obtained, the study revealed that there were significant differences in most of the analyzed parameters at P ≥ 0.05. Therefore, this study inferred that the nutritional and phytochemical contents of the leafy vegetables samples varied significantly and their consumption in a diet will be responsible for maintaining good health and proper functioning of the body system.

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