BIOACTIVE PROFILE OF SUNFLOWER (Helianthus annuus L.)GENOTYPES IN LAFIA, NASARAWA STATE, NIGERIA

Authors

Abstract

This study evaluated the bioactive compound profile of 5 sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) genotypes namely SAMSUN 1, SAMSUN 3, SAMSUN 4, MKD 1, and MKD 2 cultivated in Lafia, Nasarawa State, with the aim of identifying genotype bioactive potential for crop improvement. Proximate composition analysis showed significant differences in crude protein and carbohydrate content, while others were not significantly different across genotypes. Qualitative and quantitative phytochemical screening confirmed the presence of saponins, alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, glycosides, and steroids in all five genotypes, with no significant inter-varietal differences detected. Antioxidant profiling revealed significant differences in beta-carotene, anthocyanin, and quercetin contents, with MKD 2 and MKD 1 recording markedly higher anthocyanin levels (4.54 and 3.88 mg/L, respectively) than the remaining genotypes, while ascorbic acid and organosulfide contents did not differ significantly. Amino acid analysis revealed significant varietal differences across all the 13 amino acids quantified, with glutamic acid consistently the most abundant; SAMSUN 4 recorded the highest lysine content, SAMSUN 3 the highest methionine and cysteine, and MKD 1 the highest threonine, valine, isoleucine, histidine, and glutamic acid. The 100-seed weight ranged from 26.9 g (SAMSUN 3) to 28.2 g (SAMSUN 1). These findings demonstrate the availability of exploitable genetic variability among the five sunflower genotypes for nutritional, phytochemical, and antioxidant traits, with SAMSUN 4 identified as the most broadly promising genotype for yield-related and protein-quality traits, and MKD 1 and MKD 2 identified as superior sources of natural antioxidants.

Author Biographies

Hassana Ojochogwu Adaji

Department of Plant Science and Biotechnology

Hauwa Ahmad Kana

Department of Plant Science and Biotechnology

Godwin Omame Ogah

Department of Plant Science and Biotechnology

Dimensions

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Published

21-09-2026

How to Cite

BIOACTIVE PROFILE OF SUNFLOWER (Helianthus annuus L.)GENOTYPES IN LAFIA, NASARAWA STATE, NIGERIA. (2026). FULafia Journal of Science and Technology , 10(2), 228-233. https://doi.org/10.62050/fjst2026.v10n2.930

Issue

Vol. 10 No. 2 (2026): Fulafia Journal of Science and Technology (FJST)

Section

Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Copyright & Licensing

How to Cite

BIOACTIVE PROFILE OF SUNFLOWER (Helianthus annuus L.)GENOTYPES IN LAFIA, NASARAWA STATE, NIGERIA. (2026). FULafia Journal of Science and Technology , 10(2), 228-233. https://doi.org/10.62050/fjst2026.v10n2.930

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