DEVELOPMENT OF A SOLAR-POWERED AUDIBLE BIRD REPELLER SYSTEM FOR DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM IN LAGOS STATE, NIGERIA

Authors

Keywords:

Bird Repeller, Solar-powered System, Power Distribution Outages, PIR Sensor, Audible Deterrence

Abstract

Bird activities on power distribution networks in Lagos State, Nigeria causes frequent power outages, equipment degradation, and substantial economic losses through electrocution, nesting, contamination, and interference with conductors and poles. This paper presents the development of a cost-effective, solar-powered, firmware-controlled audible bird repeller system designed to clear the overhead power corridor. The system architecture integrates a Passive Infrared (PIR) sensor for motion detection, an ATmega328P microcontroller, a 12 VDC wailing siren for auditory deterrence, and an MG995 servo-driven moving bar for physical displacement. Off-grid energy sustainability is achieved using an 18 V, 20 W solar panel, a 12 V 7 Ah rechargeable battery, an LM2596 DC-DC buck converter for optimal charge regulation, and a transistor-driven forced-air cooling system for thermal management. Following schematic capture and validation in Proteus software, the system was fabricated on custom Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs) and field-tested. Simulation results confirmed precise circuit triggering, establishing a 10.0 VDC output to the alarm loop upon sensor activation. Field evaluations verified that the device reliably detects avian targets within a 7-meter range at a 120° viewing angle, initiating synchronized auditory and mechanical deterrence for approximately 20 seconds per detection cycle. Empirical field testing on both ground levels and active utility poles demonstrated the effectiveness of the device. This sensor-driven, automated alternative to traditional mechanical fixtures offers a scalable solution to minimise avian-induced outages and improve supply reliability in tropical urban distribution networks.

Author Biographies

Samson Agboibon Akanni

Printing Strategic Business Unit

MELODI. A. O

Professor Adegoke Oladipo Melodi is a distinguished academic and expert in Electrical Engineering, currently serving as a Professor at the Federal University of Technology, Akure (FUTA). With a career spanning over two decades, he has established himself as a key researcher in power systems engineering, specializing in transmission system reliability, distribution network analysis, and renewable energy integration in Nigeria. He is a Member of the Council for the Regulation of Engineering in Nigeria (COREN), the Nigerian Society of Engineers (NSE), and a Senior Member of IEEE. As of December 2025, he was appointed a Fellow of the Nigerian Society of Engineers (FNSE). He has served as the Acting Head of Department for Electrical and Electronics Engineering (2009–2013), Sub-Dean of the School of Engineering and Engineering Technology (2007–2009), and presently Dean of the School of Electrical Systems Engineering. He has mentored numerous academics and supervised over 60 undergraduate projects, 36 MEng, and 5 PhD theses.

ALE. T. O

Professor Ale Thomas Olabode is an esteemed academic and authority in the field of Electrical Engineering. He holds a professorship at the Federal University of Technology, Akure (FUTA). A member of the Council for the Regulation of Engineering in Nigeria (COREN) and the Nigerian Society of Engineers (NSE), he has also taken on the role of Head of the Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering at FUTA. Throughout his career, he has guided numerous scholars and overseen a variety of undergraduate projects, MEng dissertations, and co-supervised PhD theses.

Dimensions

Ajibodu, F. A. and Ojo, B. A. (2024). Development of a solar powered bird repellant system for increasing rice production in Nigeria. American J. of Engr. Res. (AJER), 13(6), 134-138.

Akanni, S. A., Melodi, A. O. and Ale, T. O. (2022). Analysis of electrical faults caused by natural phenomena in the distribution system of Lagos State, Nigeria. FUOYE Journal of Engineering and Technology (FUOYEJET), 7(2), 179-182.

Akanni, S. A., Melodi, A. O and Ale, T. (2023). Analysis of Causes of Outages in the Distribution System of Lagos State, Nigeria. FUOYE Journal of Engineering and Technology (FUOYEJET), 8(1), 53-57.

Akanni, S. A., Melodi, A. O. and Ale, T. (2024). Natural phenomena-induced electrical faults impacts in the distribution system of Lagos. International Journal of Engineering and Applied Physics, 4(3), 1083-1090.

Biasotto, L. D., Moreira, F., Bencke, G. A., D’ Amico, M., Kindel, A. and Ascensao, F. (2021). Risk of bird electrocution in power line: A framework for prioritizing a species and area for conservation and impact mitigation. Animal Conservation, 25(2), 285-296.

Chavda, S. K., Gaadhe, S. K., Gojiya, K. M, Bhabhor, R. V., Chavda, J. M. and Gora, A. (2023). Development of wind and solar powered bird repeller. The Pharma. Innovation Journal, 12(12), 1830-1840.

Durgapersad, K., Beutel, A. and Mahatho, N. (2025). Literature review on mitigation measures for bird electrocutions occurring due to streamers on transmission power lines. Birds, 6(1), 5-18.

Feng, M. L. E., Owolabi, O. O., Schafer, T. L. J., Sengupta, S., Wang, L., Matteson, D. S., Che-Castaldo, J. P. and Sunter, D. A. (2022). Analysis of animal related electric outages using species distribution models and community science data. Env. Res.: Ecology, 1(1), 1-15.

Gilad, D., Borgelt, J., May, R. and Verones, F. (2024). Biodiversity on the line: Life cycle impact assessment of power lines on birds and mammal in Norway. Environmental Research: Infrastructure and Sustainability, 4, 1-16.

Lui, X. and Li, Z. (2024). Urban bird nest building on man-made structure: A review. Chinese Journal of Radio Science. 1(4), 272-280.

Mano, B. and Sandhiya, R. (2024). Design and fabrication of solar powered bird scarer. International Journal of Science and Research Archive, 13(2), 1024–1033.

Mohana, P. V., Mubeena, M., Mugil, A. M., Vishwa, K. and Tharini, K. (2024). Fabrication of automatic solar powered bird repellent in maize field. Technix Inte. J. for Engr. Res., 11(3), a977-a980.

Pruteanu, A., Vanghele, N., Cujbescu, D., Nitu, M. and Gageanu, I. (2023). Review of effectiveness of visual and auditory bird scaring techniques in agriculture. Engineering for Rural Development, 22, 275-281.

Sielicki, J., Cardenal, A. C., Conzo, L. A., Garrido, J. R., Martín Martín and Adamczyk, R. (2020). Quick guidance for preventing electrocution impacts on birds, reference note. International Association of Falconry and Conservation of Birds of Prey, 1-8.

Silva, J. P., Marques, A. T., Bernardino, J., Allinson, T., Andryushchenko Y., Dutta, S., Kessler, M., Martins R. C., Moreira, F., Pallett, J., Pretorius, M. D., Scott, H. A., Shaw, J. M. and Collar, N. J. (2022). The effects of powerlines on bustards: How best to mitigate, how best to monitor? Bird Conservation International, 33, 1–14.

Yilmaz, M. F., Ozturk, A., Yeniceli, M. and Isi, M. (2026). New precautionary studies and results for reducing bird caused faults in overhead line. B & H Electrical Engineering, 20(1), 128-135.

Published

18-07-2026

How to Cite

DEVELOPMENT OF A SOLAR-POWERED AUDIBLE BIRD REPELLER SYSTEM FOR DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM IN LAGOS STATE, NIGERIA. (2026). FULafia Journal of Science and Technology , 10(2), 190-196. https://doi.org/10.62050/fjst2026.v10n2.829

Issue

Vol. 10 No. 2 (2026): Fulafia Journal of Science and Technology (FJST)

Section

Engineering
Copyright & Licensing

How to Cite

DEVELOPMENT OF A SOLAR-POWERED AUDIBLE BIRD REPELLER SYSTEM FOR DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM IN LAGOS STATE, NIGERIA. (2026). FULafia Journal of Science and Technology , 10(2), 190-196. https://doi.org/10.62050/fjst2026.v10n2.829

Similar Articles

31-40 of 88

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.