WEIGHT AND HEMATOLOGICAL RESPONSES OF WISTAR RATS ADMINISTERED WITHOCHRATOXIN A AND AFLATOXIN B1 CONTAMINATED HERBAL MEDICINES

Auteur/ices

  • Faith Chidinma Terna
    Federal University of Lafia
  • Aleruchi Chuku
    Federal University of Lafia
  • Olukayode Olugbenga Orole
  • Tersoo Paul Terna
    Federal University of Lafia
  • Wisdom Daniel Achanya
    Joseph Sarwuan Tarka University, Makurdi

Mots-clés :

Aflatoxin, Ochratoxin, Herbal Medicines, Weight Loss, Hematology

Résumé

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of mycotoxin contamination of herbal medicine preparations on the weight and hematological properties of Wistar rats. Five Wistar rats each weighing about 141 g were separately administered with two powdered herbal medicines, Agbo typhoid and Agbo rashes contaminated with Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and Ochratoxin A (OTA) respectively. Different amounts (1, 2, 3, 4, 5 g) of the herbal medicine powders were administered to the rats by mixing with commercial feeds, while the liquid extracts (0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04, and 0.05 μg/mL) obtained from the contaminated herbal powders were administered orally using oral cannulas. A total of 105 Wistar rats were used. The rats were weighed for a period of two weeks and assessed for hematological effects of the administered toxicants. Results showed that significant weight decline occurred in animals administered with the different mycotoxins, with highest weight loss (23.21 g) obtained in Wistar rats administered with 0.01 μg/mL of AFB1. Both AFB1-contaminated herbal medicines and AFB1 extracts from contaminated herbal medicines caused significant decreases in PCV and Hb levels, while OTA-contaminated herbal medicines and OTA extracts from contaminated herbal medicines also caused significant decreases in PCV, RBC and Hb
levels when compared to the normal rats (P≤0.05). The findings of this study suggest the need to improve processing, handling, and storage of herbal medicines in order to prevent contamination with mycotoxigenic fungi which produce OTA and AFB1 capable of causing significant health challenges to consumers

Biographies des auteurs

Faith Chidinma Terna

Humanitarian at the International Organisation for Migration

Aleruchi Chuku

Professor of Medical Microbiology, Federal University of Lafia

Olukayode Olugbenga Orole

Senior Lecturer, Department of Microbiology

Tersoo Paul Terna

Senior Lecturer, Department of Plant Science and Biotechnology

Wisdom Daniel Achanya

Laboratory Technologist, Verterinary Toxicology Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Joseph Sarwuan Tarka University, Makurdi

Dimensions

Abah, M. (2016). State of the environment report on Nasarawa State Local Government Areas. The security implications of land degradation. Available at: https://www.windsoundafrica.com.ng/state-of-the-environment-report-on-nasarawa-state- local-government-areas-the-security-implications-of-land-degradation-2/ Accessed: 4/1/2025.

Abdel-Wahhab, M.A., Nada, S.A., and Khalil, F.A. (2002). Physiological and toxicological resonses in rats fed aflatoxin contaminated diet with or without sorbent materials. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 97(3-4): 209-219.

Abidin, Z., Khan, M. Z., Khatoon, A., Saleemi, M. K., Khan, A., and Javed, I. (2013). Ameliorative effects of L-carnitine and vitamin E (α-tocopherol) on haematological and serum biochemical parameters in White Leghorn cockerels given ochratoxin A contaminated feed. British Poultry Science, 54(4): 471-477.

Ackerman, R. T., Mulrow, C. D., Ramirez, G., Gardner, C. D., Morbidoni, L., and Lawrence, V. A. (2001). Garlic shows promise for improving some cardiovascular risk factors. Archives of Internal Medicine, 7(6): 696–700.

Ałtyn, I., and Twarużek, M. (2020). Mycotoxin Contamination Concerns of Herbs and Medicinal Plants. Toxins, 12. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins12030182

Alvarez, E.G., Calderon, J.F., Montazo, M.F., Ware, R.A. and Zinn, R.A. (2004). Influence of dietary forage level on digestive function and growth performance in cattle fed steam-flaked corn-based growing-finishing diets. Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, 3: 503–509.

Caldeirão, L., Sousa, J., Nunes, L., Godoy, H., Fernandes, J., and Cunha, S. (2021). Herbs and herbal infusions: Determination of natural contaminants (mycotoxins and trace elements) and evaluation of their exposure.. Food research international, 144, 110322. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FOODRES.2021.110322

Campra, N. A., Cariddi, L. N., Escobar, F., Sabini, M., Freire-deLima, C., Decote-Ricardo, D., Roma, D., Mañas, F. and Dalcero, A. (2020). Protective role of chlorogenic acid on DNA damage caused by ochratoxin A exposure. Analecta Veterinaria, 40(2): 1-8.

Chen, L., Guo, W., Zheng, Y., Zhou, J., Liu, T., Chen, W., Liang, D., Zhao, M., Zhu, Y., Wu, Q., and Zhang, J. (2020). Occurrence and Characterization of Fungi and Mycotoxins in Contaminated Medicinal Herbs. Toxins, 12. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins12010030

Delanaye, P., and Rule, A. D. (2015). Assessing kidney function. In P. kimmel, & M. Rosenberg, Chronic renal disesase (pp. 31-42). Elsevier Inc.

Dönmez, N., Dönmez, H. H., Keskin, E., and Kisadere, I. (2012). Effects of Aflatoxin on Some Haematological Parameters and Protective Effectiveness of Esterified Glucomannan in Merino Rams. The Scientific World Journal, 2012(4).

Ezekwesili-Ofili, J. O., and Okaka, A. N. C. (2019). Herbal Medicines in African Traditional Medicine, Herbal Medicine. Available at: https://www.intechopen.com/books/herbal-medicine/herbal-medicines-in-african-traditional-medicine. Assessed on: 10/12/2019.

Falodun, A., and Imieje, V. (2013). Herbal Medicine in Nigeria: Holistic Overview. Nigerian Journal of Science and Environment, 12(1): 6-18.

Gbore, F. A., O. Akele, O. (2010). Growth performance, haematology and serum biochemistry of female rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus ryctolagus cuniculus) fed dietary fumonisin. Veterinarski Arhiv, 80 (3), 431-443.

Guyton, A.C., and Hall, J.E. (2006) Textbook of Medical Physiology. 11th Edition, Elsevier Saunders, Amsterdam.

Halt, M. (1998). Moulds and mycotoxins in herb tea and medicinal plants. European Journal of Epidemiology, 14, 269-274. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1007498613538

Hitokoto, H., Morozumi, S., Wauke, T., Sakai, S., and Kurata, H. (1978). Fungal contamination and mycotoxin detection of powdered herbal drugs. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 36, 252 - 256. https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.36.2.252-256.

Hu, M., Wang, L., Su, D., Yuan, Q., Xiao, C., Guo, L., Wang, M., Kang, C., Zhang, J., and Zhou, T. (2024). Evaluation of mycotoxins, mycobiota and toxigenic fungi in the traditional medicine Radix Dipsaci. Frontiers in Microbiology, 15. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2024.1454683

Kulkarni, S., Roper, S. M., and Stoll, J. M. (2021). Hepatic and gastrointestinal disorders. In D. Dietzen, M. Bennett, E. Wong and S. Haymond, Biochemical and molecular basis of pediatric disease (5th ed., pp. 229-266). Elsevier inc.

Kulkarni, S., Roper, S. M., and Stoll, J. M. (2021). Hepatic and gastrointestinal disorders. In D. Dietzen, M. Bennett, E. Wong and S. Haymond, Biochemical and molecular basis of pediatric disease (5th ed., pp. 229-266). Elsevier inc.

Latitude (2023). GPS coordinates of Lafia. Available at: https://latitude.to/map/ng/nigeria/cities/lafia. Accessed: 8/8/2023.

Qin, L., Jiang, J., Zhang, L., Dou, X., Ouyang, Z., Wan, L., and Yang, M. (2020). Occurrence and analysis of mycotoxins in domestic Chinese herbal medicines. Mycology, 11, 126 - 146.

Ramasamy, B., Natesan, P., and Balachandran, C. (2014). Effects of sublethal dose of ochratoxin on the growth and haematological parameters in the broiler chicken. Indian Vetinary Journal, 91(10), 45-46.

Rathod, P., Gangadhar, K., Gangane, G., and Bhojane, N. (2017). Effect of aflatoxin on haematological and biochemical alteration in broilers. International Journal of Science, Environment and Technology, 6: 824 – 831.

Ruiz, A. R., Crespo, J., Martinez, R. M., Iruzubieta, P., Mercadal, G. C., Garces, M. L., Ruiz, M. M. (2021). Measurement and clinical usefulness of bilirubin in liver disease. Advances in Laboratory Medicine, 352-361.

Saki, N., Darayesh, M., and Heiran, A. (2018). Comparing the efficacy of topical hydroquinone 2% versus intradermal tranexamic acid microinjections in treating melasma: a split-face controlled trial. The Journal of dermatological treatment, 29(4): 405–410.

Sakoh, T., Nakayama, M., Tanaka, S., Yoshitomi, R., Ura, Y., Nishimoto, H., and Kitazono, T. (2015). Association of serum total bilirubin with renal outcome in Japanese patients with stages 3–5 chronic kidney disease. Metabolism.

Salazar, J. H. (2014). Overview of urea and creatinine. Winter, 45.

Shamaki, B. U., Sandabe, U. K., Abdulrahaman, F. I., Ogbe, A. O., Hassan, Z. I., Yusuf, I. L., Bitrus, W., Zongoma, Y., and Isikhuemhen, O. S. (2017).Toxicity studies and body weights changes in Wistar rats following oral administration of methanol extract from indigenous Ganoderma sp. in Nigeria. MOJ Biology and Medicine, 1(5): 138–141.

Smith, G. S., Walter, G. L., and Walker, R. M. (2013). Clinical pathology in non-clnical toxicology testing. In W. M. Haschek, C. G. Rousseaux, & A. M. Wallig, Haschek and Rousseaux's handbook of toxicologic pathology (pp. 565-594). Elsevier.

Supriya, K. S., Ramachandra, Y.L., and Udgire, M. (2014). Extraction, Isolation and Antimicrobial Activity of Crude and Purified Ferritin extract from seeds of Soyabean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.). Scholars Academic Journal of Pharmacy, 3(2): 97-99.

Targher, G., Bosworth, C., Kendrick, J., Smits, G., Lippi, G., and Chonchol, M. (2009). Relationship of serum bilirubin concentrations to kidney function and albuminuria in the United States adult population. Findings from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2001–2006. Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, 1055-1062.

Terna, F.C. (2023). Molecular characterisation, aflatoxin and ochratoxin profile of fungi isolated from herbal mixtures in Lafia, Nasarawa State. Ph.D. Thesis, Department of Microbiology, Federal University of Lafia. 362pp.

Umar, S., Arshad, A., Ahmad, B., and Arshad, M. (2012). Clinico biochemical and hematological changes in broilers induced by concurrent exposure to aflatoxin b1 and ochratoxin a. Journal of Public Health and Biological Sciences, 1(3), 79-85.

Wang, G., Jiao, M., Hu, J., Xun, Y., Chen, L., Qiu, J., Ji, F., Lee, Y., Shi, J., and Xu, J. (2024). Quantitative Analysis of Fungal Contamination of Different Herbal Medicines in China. Toxins, 16. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins16050229

Washington, I. M., and Hoosier, G. V. (2012). Clinical biochemistryand hematology. In M. A. Suckow, K. A. Stevens, & R. P. Wilson, The laboratory rabbit, guinea pig, hamster and other rodents (pp. 57-116). Elsevier Inc.

WHO (2002). WHO Traditional medicine strategy 2002–2005.(WHO/EDM/TRM/2002.1). Available at:

http://apps.who.int/medicinedocs/en/d/Js2297e/. Accessed: 7/10/2020.

Yaman, T., Yener, Z., and Celik, I., (2016). Histopathological and biochemical investigations of protective role of honey in rats with experimental aflatoxicosis. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 16: 232.

York, M. J. (2017). Clinical pathology. In A. S. Faqi, A comprehensive guide to toxicology in nonclinical drug development (pp. 326-367). Elsevier Inc.

Zhang, L., Dou, X., Zhang, C., Logrieco, A., and Yang, M. (2018). A Review of Current Methods for Analysis of Mycotoxins in Herbal Medicines. Toxins, 10. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins10020065

Picture 2

Publiée

2025-03-19

Comment citer

WEIGHT AND HEMATOLOGICAL RESPONSES OF WISTAR RATS ADMINISTERED WITHOCHRATOXIN A AND AFLATOXIN B1 CONTAMINATED HERBAL MEDICINES. (2025). FULafia Journal of Science and Technology , 9(1), 7-15. https://doi.org/10.62050/fjst2025.v9n1.416

Numéro

Vol. 9 No 1 (2025): Vol. 9 No. 1 (March, 2025): Fulafia Journal of Science and Technology (FJST)

Rubrique

Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Copyright & Licensing

Comment citer

WEIGHT AND HEMATOLOGICAL RESPONSES OF WISTAR RATS ADMINISTERED WITHOCHRATOXIN A AND AFLATOXIN B1 CONTAMINATED HERBAL MEDICINES. (2025). FULafia Journal of Science and Technology , 9(1), 7-15. https://doi.org/10.62050/fjst2025.v9n1.416

Articles similaires

11-20 sur 46

Vous pouvez également Lancer une recherche avancée de similarité pour cet article.