Identification and Control of Postharvest Fungal Contaminants of Sweet Potato (Ipomea batatas L.) In Lafia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.62050/fscp2024.501Keywords:
Identification, Pathogenicity, Plant extracts, Biocontrol, Tuber rot, Sweet potatoAbstract
Postharvest rot leads to huge yield losses of potato annually. A study was conducted to identify and control fungi causing postharvest tuber rot of sweet potato in Lafia. Infected tubers were collected from sales points in Lafia, and conveyed to the Plant Science Laboratory, Federal University of Lafia. Infected tissues were collected from the rotted tubers using a sterile scalpel, surface sterilised in 70% ethanol, and cultured for 3-5 days on PDA. Based on cultural and microscopic morphology, fungi isolated were identified under four genera, namely Mucor, Aspergillus, Candida, Fusarium. A total of 13 isolates were obtained, of which Aspergillus niger and Candida sp. had the highest number of isolates 4(30.77%), followed by Mucor racemosus 3(23.08) and Fusarium sp. 2(14.39). Pathogenicity test of the identified fungi showed that of the four identified species, Aspergillus niger produced tissue rot on the tubers, beginning from the first week (8.67 mm) to second week after inoculation (10.00 mm). Tuber rot produced by A. niger differed significantly from the other fungi as well as the uninoculated control (P≤0.05). Test of bioefficacy of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Moringa oleifera in the control of A. niger showed that ethanolic extracts of Moringa oleifera produced higher and significantly different growth inhibition of A. niger compared to the extracts of Zingiber officinale (P<0.05). The study revealed that extracts of Moringa oleifera and Zingiber officenale hold promising prospects in the development of biofungicides for the management of postharvest tuber rot of sweet potato.
References
Woolfe, J.A. (2020). Sweet Potato: An Untapped Food Resource. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press and the International Potato Center (CIP). https://doi.org/10.4236/fns.2011.29129
Rose, I.M., and Vasanthakaalam, H. (2011). Comparison of the Nutrient Composition of Four Sweet Potato Varieties Cultivated in Rwanda. Am. J. of Food Nutrition, 1:34-38. https://doi.org/10.5251/AJFN.2011.1.1.34.38.
Satheesh, N., and Fanta, S.W. (2019). Review on nutritional composition of orange‐fleshed sweet potato and its role in management of vitamin A deficiency. Food Sci. Nutrition, 7(6): 1920–1945. https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.1063.
Abebe, C.D (2019). Review of Potato Research and Development in Ethiopia: Achievements and Future Prospects. J. Bio. Agric. Healthcare, 9(19):27-36. https://doi.org/10.7176/JBAH/9-19-04.
Leksrisompong, P.P., Whitson, M.E., Truong V.D. and Drake M.A. (2012). Sensory attributes and consumer acceptance of sweet potato cultivars with varying colors. Journal of Sensory Studies, 27: 59–69. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-459X.2011.00367.x
Megan, W. (2019). Sweet potatoes: Health benefits and nutritional information. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1463-1326.2007.00752.x
Oladoye, C.O., Connerton, I.F., Kayode, R.M.O., Omojasola, P.F. and Kayode, I.B. (2016). Biomolecular characterization, identification, enzyme activities of molds and physiological changes in sweet potatoes (Ipomea batatas) stored under controlled atmospheric conditions. Journal of Zhejiang University of Science (Biomed and Biotechnology), 17(4):317-332. https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.B1400328.
Clark, C.A., Ferrin, D.M., Smith, T.P., and Holmes, G.J. (2013). Compendium of Sweet Potato Diseases, Pests, and Disorders. The American Phytopathological Society, APS Press. pp.1. https://doi.org/10.1094/9780890544952.
Paul, N.C., Park, W., Lee, S., Chung, M.N., Lee, H-U., Yang, J.W. (2020). Occurrence of Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas) Wilt and Surface Rot Disease and Determining Resistance of Selected Varieties to the Pathogen in Korea. Plants, 9(4): 497. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9040497.
Sugri, I., Maalekuu, B., Gaveh, K., Kusi, E.F., and Lamini, S. (2020). Assessment of Low-Cost Postharvest. https://doi.org/10.5539/sar.v9n4p17.
Dania, V.O., and Thomas, A.S. (2019). Bioactivity and Phytochemical Composition of Moringa Oleifera in the Management of Fungal Rot Disease of Orange-Fleshed Sweet potato. Nig. J. of Mycology, 11:26–45. https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/gjas.v57i1.1
Stengel, A., Kimberly, M., Stanke, A., Quattrone, C., and Joshua, R.H. (2022). Improving Taxonomy. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.847067.
Raja, H.A., Miller, A.N., Pearce, C.J. Oberlies, N.H. (2017). Fungal Identification Using Molecular Tools: A Primer for the Natural Products Research Community. J. Nat. Prod., 80(3), 756 – 770. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jnatprod.6b01085.
Mathur, S.B. and Kongsdal, O. (2003). Common laboratory seed health testing methods for detecting fungi. ISTA, Basseradorf. Switzerland 427 pp. https://doi.org/10.4236/ajps.2018.913187.
Samson, R.A., Visagie, C.M., Houbraken, J., Hong, S-B., Hubka, V., Klaassen, C.H.W., Perrone, G., Seifert, K.A., Susca, A., Tanney, J.B., Varga, J., Kocsube, S., Szigeti, G., Yaguchi, T., & Frisvad, J.C. (2014). Phylogeny, identification and nomenclature of the genus Aspergillus. Studies in Mycology, 78, 141-173. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.simyco.2014.07.004.
Harrigan, W.F., and Mecance, M.C. (1988). Laboratory Methods in Food and Diary Microbiology. London: Academic Press Inc. P 495. https://doi.org/10.4236/ce.2016.714189
Jay, J.M. (1998). Food Spoilage in Modern Food Microbiology (4th ed). New York: Chapman and Hall Inc. p. 195. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-6480-1.
Amienyo, C.A., and Ataga, A.E. (2006). Post-harvest fungal diseases of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas {L} Lam) tubers sold in selected markets in Rivers State, Nigeria. Science in Africa, 5(2): 95-98. https://doi.org/10.9734/jeai/2021/v43i130628.
Ijato, J.Y. (2011). Antimycotic effects of aqueous and ethanol plant extracts on yam rot pathogens in Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria. Academia Arena, 3(1): 115 - 11. https://doi.org/10.19080/AIBM.2017.07.555703
Busani, M., Julius, M.P., and Voster, M. (2012). Antimicrobial activities of Moringa oleifera Lam leaf extracts. African Journal of Biotechnology, 11(11): 2797-2802. https://doi.org/10.5897/AJB10.686.
Foidl, N., Makkar, H.P.S., and Becker, K. (2001). The potential of Moringa oleifera for agricultural and industrial uses. In: The miracle tree (Ed Lowell, J.F.) CTA, USA. 2001. https://doi.org/10.4236/ojf.2012.24033.
Alhussaen, K., Hussein, E.I., Khalid, A.M., Mahmoud, A., Wesan, A., Jacob, H.J., Shatnawi, A.M., Ashraf, K. and Hegazy, M.I. (2011). Identification and controlling Pythium species infecting tomato seedlings cultivated in Jordan valley using garlic extract. Asian Journal of Plant Pathology, 5: 84-92. https://doi.org/10.17311/ajppaj.2011.84.92.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Proceedings of the Faculty of Science Conferences
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
